Shift Grading Focus to Code Comprehension Tasks

1. Redesign assessments to include 'white-box' testing where students must predict the output of specific snippets or trace code execution step-by-step. 2. Remove grading criteria that are purely based on 'does the program run' and replace them with 'explain how this function manipulates the data.' 3. Require students to document why they chose a specific approach over alternatives during their development process. 4. Verify the fix by reviewing student assessments to ensure they demonstrate conceptual understanding rather than just producing functional output.

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