Stepper Motor Failure to Rotate

To confirm the failure, verify if the motor exhibits any movement, vibration, or audible humming when the control script is active. Check for lack of torque by attempting to rotate the motor shaft by hand while the driver is powered; if the shaft spins freely without resistance, the motor is not engaged. Confirm signal output by measuring the voltage on the step/direction GPIO pins using a multimeter while the script runs, expecting transitions between 0V and 3.3V.